Cricket and Politics Essay Essays

Cricket and Politics Essay Essays Cricket and Politics Essay Essay Cricket and Politics Essay Essay In South Asia during 1880-2005 political relations gained an unusual bedfellow. Cricket was introduced to India by Great Britain for a intent that was widely discussed. Some believed cricket brought their people together and incorporate different castes and civilizations within India and Britain. some believed the athletics was merely another manner for the British to govern over India and appear superior. and others criticized the spiritual nature nowadays in many of the tourneies. This issue could be better understood by including an article by a British common man who participated in the Quadrangular Tournament to do it apparent that they truly did desire to distribute faith and it wasn’t an overreaction by the Hindus or Muslims. It would besides be contributing to include an article written by an Indian opinion elite who was the chief beginning of any kind of political power or political dealingss with British elites so the reader can acquire a greater apprehension of the existent function of cricket in political relations and to see if there were any struggles over the solve issue of cricket during political arguments. To get down with. there were those persons that believed cricket was a consolidative force and was purposeful in conveying everyone together to merely play a athletics. These people had small commentary on any relation cricket could hold had to political relations whether there was a immense relation or non. In papers 3. an English cricketer tells how he believes cricket has a immense consequence on the colonisation of Britain. He says how cricket has the power to unify â€Å"the swayers and the ruled† and that it provides many different values to its participants. In papers 4. an Indian societal reformist Tells of a state of affairs where a group of upper-caste cricket participants allowed a low-caste participant onto their Hindu squad and how the athletics of cricket has truly played a immense function in the fusion of the Indian people. Since the writer of this papers is a societal reformist for the Indian newspaper they would desire to demo that they are of class making their occupation as a reformist and seting out effectual reforms. This could hold been a type of reform that was forced on the upper-caste members to let new members of different castes into their squads. They besides wanted to demo Indians that their state looked good and was respected in that they said. â€Å"let India cease to be the express joying stock of the whole universe. † In papers 5. another point of position is shown that clearly demonstrates how cricket gives a brotherlike feel to those who participate even if they are of different faiths. Muhammad Ali Jinnah was the first leader of Pakistan and writes how Muslims should be rejoiced when winning titles of cricket. He uses absolute address here demoing he clearly has a side as to which squad needs to be brotherly toward the other. Stating the Muslims will decidedly win the tourney makes it apparent that they are non brotherly at all and that in fact one is clearly seeking to lift above the other. In papers 10. a really indecisive president of the Pakistan Cricket Board leaps back and Forth between whether the cricket games should take to war or whether it brings people together. He clearly negotiations of India and Pakistan as two different people and topographic points. He besides likely had to be highly careful with his words due to the fact that this was an interview and words could be twisted. This could hold been why he was leaping back and for with his sentiments and had a really scattered and ill-defined sentiment. In add-on. there were those who looked at cricket as a manner for British to govern over India even more and spread out the cloud of influence they had over Indian personal businesss. In papers 2. a image and caption is shown of the Prince of India that was shown in the London newspaper. This image depicts the Prince holding a restful clip playing cricket in a proposed visit to England. it should be taken into history that the trip has non been taken yet. The paper speaks on his behalf stating he is thrilled to be fall ining the English participants and that the squad. in bend was excited to have him. In papers 1. the Indian cricket participants signed a request and sent it to the governor of Bombay. India. The request was inquiring for the Indian cricket team’s Fieldss back that were utilizing it for Polo. This was rupturing up the Fieldss and destructing them for the cricket squad. Since the squad contacted the governor it shows that this was a political issue and that the athletics was going a affair of the authorities. It besides shows that the British had dominant control on what happened on the field and that they had first choice. Since British ruled India. this was merely another advantage they had over India. The writer could hold besides been seeking to do cricket expression like a more of import athletics than Polos so that they could acquire their field back. In papers 6. an Indian Natore XI cricket nine protagonist writes an article for their monthly magazine. Of class. since he is composing the article for the Natore XI he is bound to talk really extremely of the nine and stress his privation for them to hold their equality against the English cricket squads particularly during the old ages of 1925-1926 when tensenesss could hold been assumed to be high in India and Britain as India was forcing for independency. Finally. Indians and Pakistanis were angered by the continued engagement of faith in the cricket games during post-independence times. In papers 7. the Indian athleticss diary. complains about increased engagement of faith in the Quadrangular cricket tourneies. The column complains that spiritual fanatism is resent at games and that this has disturbed the peace but at the same clip. the writer refers to the field as sacred conveying a spiritual vibration into their ain authorship. British and Indian faiths were really different and the writer could hold been back uping Indian faith because their audience was chiefly Hindu or Muslim and non the British faith of either Christian or Catholic. In papers 8. Gandhi. an independency leader. speaks strongly of the Quadrangular tourneies and how he agrees that they should be stopped due to the spiritual issues. Gandhi supported peace and wanted independency for India but most probably did non desire to see it be done this manner. He supported the Hindu’s and spoke of how Colleges and Institutions should be playing against each other and non faiths. Gandhi does non turn to the political nature of cricket and Tells of sportsmanship which was neer truly present in cricket. In papers 9. a Hindu patriot is quoted in the newspaper Muslim India and speaks of how it is non right that the Muslim Indians are non heartening for their ain state but alternatively for Pakistanis because they are Muslim. This shows more spiritual engagement in the games doing it apparent that it’s non about the game of cricket but more about who it is acquiring in front and what faith wins. The patriot could be seeking to promote the Indian Muslims to hold more pride for their state and be dishonoring them into back uping the Indians alternatively of the Pakistanis. In decision. cricket was a immense factor in political relations and had many different point of positions on how it impacted life in India and Britain. Some were shaken by the political and spiritual nature and others felt it was a great manner to convey people together whether rich or hapless. In all. cricket was more than merely a game and greatly wedged British and Indian/Pakistani relationships.

The Basis of a Moral Judgement

The Basis of a Moral Judgement The debate on the subject of moral judgement is continuous and cannot be easily resolved since there is no absolute standard of what is really moral and on what grounds people make moral judgements. The basis used to create a standard of morality differs with different individuals.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Basis of a Moral Judgement specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Some people appeal to pragmatism of the solutions presented at a given moment as the basis of judgement while others appeal to religion as their sole instruction for morality. This essay takes a critical look at the views of David Hume and Immanuel Kant regarding the concept of moral judgement. First, we examine Kant’s moral philosophy. His basic idea is human autonomy (Fieser 284). One of the tasks of moral philosophy is to discover the binding principles of behaviour among humans. Kant argues that studying human anthropology only gives an idea of how people behave and fails to give the ideal behaviour that is expected (Fieser 284). Even with this shortcoming, people still make moral judgements. Fieser observes that Kant’s argument in a case such as â€Å"we ought to tell the truth† (285) is essentially similar to the scientific view that all changes ought to have a cause. The statement â€Å"we ought to tell the truth† is equated to a scientific view as it is based on reason and not an individual’s experience. Reason introduces an aspect of causality to noticeable objects thus explaining the change. It further institutes a facet of duty to a moral situation. Therefore, this duty breeds notions of ‘ought to’ and ‘ought not to’ in moral situations. Kant holds the view that concepts transcend facts experienced at any given moment. Therefore, obligations must not be based on the special properties of human nature or upon the consequences, but on the concept of reas on. Kant’s view on the subject of morality is based on awareness of regulation of behaviour that is universal and necessary (Fieser 286). Universality and necessity, according to Kant’s arguments, are the fundamentals of judgement. Kant focuses on ‘goodness’ as a quality affecting actions and not as a rational aspect of behaviour. Kants moral philosophy centres on autonomy. He proposes one elementary principle of morality from which all individual moral duties emanate (the moral law). Kant argues that people give themselves moral laws as well as the general laws of nature. According to Kant, human beings ought to act according to principles that they wish should become universal laws (Fieser 289).Advertising Looking for essay on philosophy? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Kant’s moral philosophy is not complete without looking at his idea of the categorical imperatives (Bowen 37). Th e categorical imperative considers the universality of moral law. It dispenses liberty and autonomy to a person’s will thereby affirming the absolute worth of each rational person (Fieser 289). According to Kant, people are moral and rational equals hence they ought to act according to the maxims that they wish to become universal laws. Due to rationality, humans create the same set of laws all over the world (Birsch 56). Kant gives a connotation that people are the end in themselves and not the means to an end (Birsch 56). The statement â€Å"act in such a way that you treat humanity whether in your person or in the person of another, always at the same time as an end and never simply as the means† (57) is a clear indication of his stand on morality. By virtue of being rational, people can use other people to accomplish tasks for them as a way to accomplish an end, but never merely as the means to that end (Birsch 57). According to Kant, this is acting morally. David Hume’s approach to morality is scientific as he likes to call it. He asserts that morality is a topic that interests all humans (Fieser 251). Hume argues that moral judgement is equally a result of feeling as it is of reason. He claims that moral assessments are emotional responses. According to Hume, reason in forming moral judgements is limited as it emphasizes ‘matters of facts’ and ‘relations of ideas.’ Matters of facts and relations of ideas are judgements of truths or falsehood of things based on a person’s emotionality (Fieser 251). According to Hume’s moral philosophy, when someone commits murder there is an underlying fact behind the crime. A vivid recollection of all that happens at the time of committing the crime does not clearly show which part of the event constitutes the crime. It is not clear whether a crime has been committed because the incident is considered either as manslaughter or as an act of self-defense dependin g on the facts collected. Two important aspects to consider in such a scenario are the act itself and the motive behind the act. Therefore, moral judgement is merely a formation of the mind and is susceptible to sentiments (Fieser 251). Hume’s moral assessment of individual actions takes into consideration the sympathetic attitudes of pain and pleasure experienced on observation of someone else’s actions. Hume contends that moral sentiments are universal and that all humans possess them. He further adds that people praise or blame a similar action and that the praise or blame is not a consequence of narrow self-love.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Basis of a Moral Judgement specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More He says that the sympathetic feelings are not restricted to specific events, but are instinctive (Fieser 252). The virtues that trigger universal quality of moral approval include industry, prud ence and caution. He insists that there are universal arguments and that even the most cynical people agree that these virtues are universal. These qualities are useful and agreeable not only to the person in possession of them, but also to the entire community (Fieser 252). Immanuel Kant and David Hume try to give a basis on which moral judgement is formed. According to Kant, humans install a reliable guide to moral truths within themselves. Nevertheless, they do not always adhere to this guide. Hume, on the other hand, views the notion of moral truth as problematic and that it is based on feelings. Both philosophers overestimate the human ability to develop universally moral laws (Birsch 56; Fieser 253). According to Kant, rational beings ought to arrive at logical conclusions that are acceptable to all. In Hume’s view, even the most cynical humans agree on certain virtues. Humans cannot be trusted to be infallible since it is indisputable that human is to err. Therefore, n either philosopher is committed to the idea that humans judge infallibly. Both philosophers dedicate their focus to the subject of discovering what exactly makes the law. For instance, using Hume’s morality in the case of a murder and what constitutes a crime in that case, there are many descriptions of the event. However, it is uncertain what happens if the crime is committed in self-defense. Although human faculties of emotions are unstable and very subjective, there is no moral justification for killing regardless of the explanations given (Fieser 253). The same idea of the lack of an absolute moral standard is consistent with both philosophers’ reasoning. According to Kant, there are other factors built in human desires and other human tendencies that specific duties demand from them at varying times. A rational being at times acts out of inclination or self interest. Fieser gives an illustration of somebody who wishes to be popular (Fieser 287). This person must a ct in obedience to certain rules that earn him the approval he desires. However, the individual’s popularity is not necessary. Therefore, there is no absolute standard that determines whether an individual’s willpower at any given point is in line with the law. Nothing can pass for being unreservedly good without a form of qualification. Even the moderation of passion is not usually considered a good thing. Kant argues that it is the humans’ rational willpower that aids in the creation of a universal law. This is the law that is good and inbuilt in humans who do not always live up to the law’s goodness (Fieser 287).Advertising Looking for essay on philosophy? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More There are notable differences between the two philosophers’ views. Hume’s arguments consider the role of emotion alongside reason while Kant’s postulations leave out the role of emotion in moral judgement. David Hume considers the reality that the human will is not only determined by reason, but is also influenced by other factors such as emotions (Fieser 252). Kant’s rationality and consistency principles give no room for the subjectivism of emotionality. Therefore, it can be concluded that morality is a subjective topic and that David Hume and Immanuel Kant have different ideas on this concept. Birsch, Douglas. Philosophical Issues: A Brief Introduction, New York: McGraw-Hill companies, 2003. Print. Bowen, L. Jonathan. The Categorical Imperative of a Confucian Evil Demon in America, Lincoln, NE: iUniverse, 2005. Print. Fieser, Stumpf. Socrates to Sartre and Beyond: A History of Philosophy, New York: McGraw-Hill Companies, 2008. Print.

Human Resource Management and Performance Essay

Human Resource Management and Performance - Essay Example   Human resource management employs the concepts of strategic management in order to derive maximum productivity from the human resources. Human resource management (HRM) is a function whose main objective is to integrate the organizations policy with all the HRM practices. These HRM practices are staffing, performance appraisal, remuneration management, and dismissal (Price, 1997, p. 72). It is imperative to note that the top management is highly involved in this system. This approach enhances employee attitudes and behavior which should be in line with the overall goals of the organization. The conventional Human resource practices have arisen due to constant improvements in the area of management from early schools of thought. The earliest school of thought on management was the Classical management theory. This theory was advanced in the period of the industrial revolution. This theory was developed amidst studies done to ascertain the best way to execute and manage tasks. Impo rtant to note is that the classical management theory was broken down into two fundamental concepts. These are the classical scientific approach and classical administrative approach (Boxall, 1992, p. 19) The classical scientific theory was developed in order to capitalize on productivity and effectiveness in the organization. The approach was based on analyzing the work processes and evaluation of the competency of the available workforce. The main objective was to determine the most efficient way to complete tasks.